Menene ainihin Tsarin Fayil? [Bayyana]

Ana adana duk fayilolin da ke tsarin ku akan rumbun kwamfutarka ko wasu na'urorin ma'aji. Tsarin yana da mahimmanci don adana waɗannan fayiloli a cikin tsari mai tsari. Wannan shine abin da tsarin fayil yake yi. Tsarin fayil hanya ce ta ware bayanai akan tuƙi da adana su azaman fayiloli daban. Dukkan bayanai game da fayil - sunansa, nau'insa, izini, da sauran halayen suna adana su a cikin tsarin fayil. Tsarin fayil yana kiyaye fihirisar wurin kowane fayil. Ta wannan hanyar, tsarin aiki ba dole ba ne ya keta dukkan faifai don nemo fayil.

Akwai nau'ikan tsarin fayil daban-daban. Dole ne tsarin aikin ku da tsarin fayil su kasance masu jituwa. Daga nan ne kawai OS zai iya nuna abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin fayil da kuma aiwatar da wasu ayyuka akan fayiloli. In ba haka ba, ba za ku iya amfani da takamaiman tsarin fayil ɗin ba. Ɗayan gyara shine shigar da direban tsarin fayil don tallafawa tsarin fayil.

Abubuwan da ke ciki[ boye ]

• Menene ainihin Tsarin Fayil?
• Me yasa akwai tsarin fayiloli da yawa
• Tsarin fayil – cikakken gani
• Tsarin fayil gama gari
• 1. NTFS
• 2. FATAWA
• Za ku iya canzawa tsakanin tsarin fayil?

Menene ainihin Tsarin Fayil?

Tsarin fayil ba komai bane illa rumbun adana bayanai da ke ba da bayanin wurin zahirin bayanan da ke kan na'urar adanawa. An tsara fayiloli zuwa manyan fayiloli waɗanda kuma ake kira kundayen adireshi. Kowane kundin adireshi yana da guda ɗaya ko fiye da ƙananan kundin adireshi waɗanda ke adana fayilolin da aka haɗa su bisa wasu sharudda.

Inda akwai bayanai akan kwamfuta, wajibi ne a sami tsarin fayil. Don haka, duk kwamfutoci suna da tsarin fayil.

Me yasa akwai tsarin fayiloli da yawa

Akwai nau'ikan tsarin fayil da yawa. Sun bambanta ta fuskoki daban-daban kamar yadda suke tsara bayanai, saurin gudu, ƙarin fasali, da dai sauransu… Wasu tsarin fayil sun fi dacewa da injin da ke adana ƙaramin adadin bayanai yayin da wasu ke da ikon tallafawa adadi mai yawa na bayanai. Wasu tsarin fayil sun fi tsaro. Idan tsarin fayil yana da tsaro kuma yana da ƙarfi, ƙila ba zai zama mafi sauri ba. Zai yi wuya a sami duk mafi kyawun fasali a cikin tsarin fayil ɗaya.

Don haka, ba zai zama ma’ana ba a nemo ‘tsarin tsarin fayil mafi kyau.’ Kowane tsarin fayil ana nufinsa da wata manufa dabam kuma don haka yana da nau'ikan fasali daban-daban. Yayin haɓaka tsarin aiki, masu haɓakawa kuma suna aiki akan gina tsarin fayil don OS. Microsoft, Apple, da Linux suna da nasu tsarin fayil. Yana da sauƙi don daidaita sabon tsarin fayil zuwa na'urar ajiya mafi girma. Tsarukan fayil suna haɓakawa don haka sabbin tsarin fayil suna nuna mafi kyawun fasali fiye da na tsofaffi.

Zana tsarin fayil ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba. Yawancin bincike da aikin kai suna shiga ciki. Tsarin fayil yana bayyana yadda ake adana metadata, yadda aka tsara fayiloli da lissafin, da ƙari mai yawa. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da za a iya yin hakan. Sabili da haka, tare da kowane tsarin fayil, akwai ko da yaushe wuri don ingantawa - hanya mafi kyau ko mafi dacewa don yin ayyukan da suka danganci ajiyar fayil.

Karanta kuma: Menene Kayan aikin Gudanarwa a cikin Windows 10?

Tsarin fayil – cikakken gani

Bari yanzu mu nutse zurfi don fahimtar yadda tsarin fayil ke aiki. An raba na'urar ajiya zuwa sassa da ake kira sassa. Ana adana duk fayilolin a waɗannan sassan. Tsarin fayil ɗin yana gano girman fayil ɗin kuma ya sanya shi a wuri mai dacewa akan na'urar ajiya. Sassan kyauta ana yiwa lakabin ‘ba a yi amfani da su ba.’ Tsarin fayil yana gano sassan da ke da kyauta kuma yana sanya fayiloli zuwa waɗannan sassan.

Bayan wani lokaci na lokaci, lokacin da aka yi aikin karantawa da rubutu da yawa, na'urar tana yin wani tsari mai suna fragmentation. Ba za a iya guje wa wannan ba amma yana buƙatar dubawa, don kiyaye ingantaccen tsarin. Defragmentation shine tsarin baya, ana amfani dashi don gyara matsalolin da ke haifar da raguwa. Ana samun kayan aikin lalata kyauta don iri ɗaya.

Tsara fayiloli zuwa cikin kundayen adireshi da manyan fayiloli suna taimakawa kawar da anomaly mai suna. Idan ba tare da manyan fayiloli ba, ba zai yuwu a sami fayiloli 2 masu suna iri ɗaya ba. Bincike da dawo da fayiloli shima yana da sauƙi a cikin tsari mai tsari.

Tsarin fayil ɗin yana adana mahimman bayanai game da fayil ɗin - sunan fayil, girman fayil, wurin fayil, girman sashin, kundin adireshi wanda yake, cikakkun bayanai na guntu, da sauransu.

Tsarin fayil gama gari

1. NTFS

NTFS tana nufin Sabon Fayil ɗin Fayil ɗin Fasaha. Microsoft ya gabatar da tsarin fayil a cikin shekara ta 1993. Yawancin nau'ikan Windows OS - Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, da Windows 10 suna amfani da Farashin NTFS.

Dubawa idan an tsara drive azaman NTFS

Kafin kafa tsarin fayil akan faifai, dole ne a tsara shi. Wannan yana nufin cewa an zaɓi ɓangaren faifai kuma an share duk bayanan da ke cikinsa don a iya saita tsarin fayil. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu waɗanda zaku iya bincika ko rumbun kwamfutarka yana amfani da NTFS ko kowane tsarin fayil.

• Idan ka bude 'Gudanar da Disk' a cikin Windows (wanda aka samo a cikin Control Panel), zaka iya gano cewa an ƙayyade tsarin fayil tare da ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da drive.
• Ko, za ku iya danna dama-dama a kan drive kai tsaye daga Windows Explorer. Je zuwa menu mai saukarwa kuma zaɓi 'Properties.' Za ku sami nau'in tsarin fayil da aka ambata a can.

Features na NTFS

NTFS yana da ikon tallafawa rumbun kwamfyuta masu girma dabam - har zuwa 16 EB. Ana iya adana fayiloli guda ɗaya masu girman har zuwa 256 TB.

Akwai sifa mai suna Farashin NTFS . Aikace-aikacen da aka gina ta amfani da wannan fasalin ko dai sun gaza sosai ko kuma sun yi nasara gaba ɗaya. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen rage haɗarin wasu canje-canje suna aiki da kyau yayin da wasu canje-canje ba sa aiki. Duk wani ma'amala da mai haɓakawa ke aiwatarwa shine atomic.

NTFS yana da fasalin da ake kira Sabis ɗin Kwafi na Juzu'i . OS da sauran kayan aikin madadin software suna amfani da wannan fasalin don adana fayilolin da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu.

Ana iya siffanta NTFS azaman tsarin fayil ɗin jarida. Kafin aiwatar da canje-canjen tsarin, ana yin rikodin shi a cikin log. Idan sabon canji ya haifar da gazawa kafin a aikata, log ɗin yana sauƙaƙa komawa zuwa yanayin da ya gabata.

EFS - Tsarin Fayil na boye-boye fasali ne inda aka ba da ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen fayiloli da manyan fayiloli.

A cikin NTFS, mai gudanarwa yana da haƙƙin saita ƙimar amfani da diski. Wannan zai tabbatar da cewa duk masu amfani suna samun daidaitaccen damar yin amfani da sararin ajiya mai raba kuma babu mai amfani da ke ɗaukar sarari da yawa akan faifan hanyar sadarwa.

2. FATAWA

FAT tana nufin Teburin Ƙididdigar Fayil. Microsoft ya kirkiro tsarin fayil a cikin 1977. FAT An yi amfani da shi a cikin MS-DOS da sauran tsoffin juzu'in Windows OS. A yau, NTFS shine babban tsarin fayil a cikin Windows OS. Koyaya, FAT har yanzu yana zama sigar tallafi.

FAT ya samo asali tare da lokaci, don tallafawa rumbun kwamfyuta tare da manyan girman fayil.

Daban-daban iri na Tsarin Fayil na FAT

FAT12

An gabatar da shi a cikin 1980, FAT12 an yi amfani dashi sosai a cikin Microsoft Oss har zuwa MS-DOS 4.0. Fayilolin floppy har yanzu suna amfani da FAT12. A cikin FAT12, sunayen fayil ba zai iya wuce haruffa 8 ba yayin da don kari, iyaka shine haruffa 3. Yawancin mahimman halayen fayil waɗanda muke amfani da su a yau, an fara gabatar da su a cikin wannan sigar FAT - lakabin ƙara, ɓoye, tsarin, karanta-kawai.

FAT16

An fara fitar da Teburin Allocation na Fayil na 16-bit a cikin 1984 kuma an yi amfani dashi a cikin tsarin DOS har zuwa sigar 6.22.

FAT32

An gabatar da shi a cikin 1996, shine sabon sigar FAT. Yana iya tallafawa abubuwan tafiyar 2TB (har ma har zuwa 16 KB tare da gungun 64 KB).

ExFAT

EXFAT tana nufin Teburin Raba Fayil ɗin Fayil. Bugu da ƙari, Microsoft ya ƙirƙira kuma an gabatar da shi a cikin 2006, ba za a iya ɗaukar wannan azaman sigar FAT ta gaba ba. Ana nufin amfani dashi a cikin na'urori masu ɗaukar nauyi - filasha, katunan SDHC, da sauransu… Wannan sigar FAT tana da goyon bayan duk nau'ikan Windows OS. Har zuwa fayiloli 2,796,202 ana iya adana su akan kowane kundin adireshi kuma sunayen fayil na iya ɗaukar haruffa 255.

Sauran tsarin fayilolin da aka saba amfani da su sune

• HFS+
• Btrfs
• Musanya
• Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 (tsarin Linux)
• UDF
• GFS

Za ku iya canzawa tsakanin tsarin fayil?

An tsara ɓangaren faifai tare da takamaiman tsarin fayil. Mayar da bangare zuwa wani nau'in tsarin fayil na iya yiwuwa amma ba a ba shi shawarar ba. Yana da mafi kyawun zaɓi don kwafi mahimman bayanai daga ɓangaren zuwa na'ura daban.

An ba da shawarar: Menene Manajan Na'ura?

Wasu sifofi kamar boye-boye na fayil, ƙimar diski, izinin abu, matsa fayil, da sifa mai maƙasudin fayil ana samunsu kawai a cikin NTFS. Ba a tallafawa waɗannan halayen a cikin FAT. Saboda haka, sauyawa tsakanin tsarin fayil kamar waɗannan yana haifar da wasu haɗari. Idan an sanya rufaffen fayil daga NTFS a cikin sararin da aka tsara FAT, fayil ɗin ba shi da ɓoyewa. Yana rasa ƙuntatawa ta hanyar shiga kuma kowa zai iya samun dama ga shi. Hakazalika, fayil ɗin da aka matsa daga ƙarar NTFS za a yanke shi ta atomatik lokacin da aka sanya shi cikin ƙarar da aka tsara ta FAT.

Takaitawa

• Tsarin fayil wuri ne don adana fayiloli da halayen fayil. Hanya ce don tsara fayilolin tsarin. Wannan yana taimakawa OS a cikin binciken fayil da dawo da su.
• Akwai nau'ikan tsarin fayil daban-daban. Kowane OS yana da nasa tsarin fayil wanda ya zo da riga-kafi tare da OS.
• Canjawa tsakanin tsarin fayil yana yiwuwa. Koyaya, idan fasalulluka na tsarin fayil ɗin da suka gabata ba a tallafawa a cikin sabon tsarin, duk fayilolin sun rasa tsoffin fasalulluka. Don haka, ba a ba da shawarar ba.

Elon marubucin fasaha ne a Cyber ​​S. Ya kasance yana rubuta yadda ake ja-gora kusan shekaru 6 yanzu kuma ya rufe batutuwa da yawa. Yana son rufe batutuwan da suka shafi Windows, Android, da sabbin dabaru da shawarwari.